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Emerald

Emerald is the bluish green to green variety of beryl, a mineral species that includes aquamarine.

Emerald
See Gem As

OVERVIEW

ABOUT EMERALD

Gem experts differ on the degree of green that makes one stone an emerald and another stone a less-expensive green beryl. Most gemologists, gemological laboratories, and colored stone dealers call a stone green beryl when its color is “too light” for it to be classified as emerald. Even among that group, however, there’s a difference of opinion about what’s considered “too light.”

Emerald Description

Emerald History and Lore

Emerald Journey

Birthstones & Anniversaries

As the gem of spring, emerald is the perfect choice as the birthstone for the month of May. It’s also the gem of the twentieth and thirty-fifth wedding anniversaries.

2.97 Billion Years

Age of the oldest emeralds, from South Africa.


Cleopatra

Pharaoh known for her passion for emeralds.


$6,578,500

2011 sales price for Elizabeth Taylor’s emerald pendant -  that's $280,000 per carat.



Facts

Chemistry: Be3Al2Si6O18

Color: Vibrant green

Refractive Index: 1.577 to 1.583

Birefringence: 0.005 to 0.009

Specific Gravity: 2.72

Mohs Hardness: 7.5 to 8

TREATMENTS

There are a number of processes used to alter the color, apparent clarity, or improve the durability of gems.

SYNTHETICS

Some gemstones have synthetic counterparts that have essentially the same chemical, physical, and optical properties, but are grown by man in a laboratory.

IMITATIONS

Any gem can be imitated—sometimes by manmade materials or by natural materials chosen by man to impersonate a particular gem.

WHY WE LOVE THIS GEMSTONE

{WHY WE LOVE THIS GEMSTONE} - image

1

Three-Phase Inclusions

Three-phase inclusions in Colombian emeralds contain tiny crystals of rock salt, liquid, and a bubble of gas.

2

Hexagonal Crystals

The best emerald crystals are gorgeous flat-topped green hexagonal columns that are as beautiful as faceted stones.

3

Ancient Egypt

The first known emerald mines were in Egypt. It is believed that these mines were worked as early as 3500BC.

Quality Factors

Emerald has been the standard for green colored stones for millennia.

COLOR

quality factors

The most desirable emerald colors are bluish green to pure green, with vivid color saturation.

CLARITY

quality factors

In Emerald expect to see inclusions that dealers like to call an internal “jardin,” or garden.

CUT

quality factors

Due to the crystal shape emeralds are commonly cut as rectangular step cuts called emerald cuts.

CARAT WEIGHT

quality factors

Because its density is lower, a one-carat emerald will appear larger in size than a one-carat diamond.

Emerald Quality Factors: The Comprehensive Guide

Research

Explore sources, gemological research, and the role of gems in history.

Suite of untreated Ethiopian emeralds
A New Discovery of Emeralds from Ethiopia

Nathan Renfro, Ziyin Sun, Michael Nemeth, Wim Vertriest, Victoria Raynaud, and Vararut Weeramonkhonlert , May 8, 2017

El Pulpito, the landmark overlooking the Chivor mine
In Rainier’s Footsteps: Journey to the Chivor Emerald Mine

Robert Weldon, Jose Guillermo Ortiz, and Terri Ottaway , Aug 3, 2016

El Pulpito, the landmark overlooking the Chivor mine
In Rainier’s Footsteps: Journey to the Chivor Emerald Mine

Robert Weldon, Jose Guillermo Ortiz, and Terri Ottaway , Aug 3, 2016

El Pulpito, the landmark overlooking the Chivor mine
In Rainier’s Footsteps: Journey to the Chivor Emerald Mine

Robert Weldon, Jose Guillermo Ortiz, and Terri Ottaway , Aug 3, 2016

RECOMMENDED READING

reading

Emerald:

The Most Valuable Beryl; The Most Precious Gemstone Christa Behmenburg, et al.
reading
Fred Ward
reading

The Ruby, Sapphire and Emerald Buying Guide:

How to Identify, Evaluate and Select These Gems Renée Newman

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Emerald Gemstone | Emerald Stone – GIA