◂ BACK TO GEM ENCYCLOPEDIA
Sapphire
The name “sapphire” can also apply to any corundum that’s not ruby, another corundum variety.

See Gem As
Tools
Research
Rock Creek Montana Sapphires: A New Age of Mining Begins
Visit Montana’s Rock Creek sapphire mining area with a GIA field expedition and witness the recovery of these beautiful stones directly from the source.
Montana’s Gem Mountain Sapphire Mine: Sharing the Excitement of Mining with the Public
Join a GIA field team on an expedition to Gem Mountain, Montana, and witness the rarely seen sapphire heat treatment process and tourists passionately searching for treasures to turn into cherished jewelry.
Romancing the Source: Myanmar
Accompany GIA field gemologists on a true gemstone mining adventure in exotic Mogok, Myanmar. This legendary source has been called “The Valley of Rubies,” but also produces a variety of other gemstones.
Venture into Chanthaburi’s Sapphire Mines and Markets with GIA’s Field Gemologists
See eastern Thailand’s resurgent mining operations and gem markets along with GIA’s field gemologists.
GIA Field Gemologists Seek Gems in Luc Yen, Vietnam
Climb Luc Yen’s treacherous limestone mountains in search of the region’s ruby, sapphire, and spinel.
GIA Field Gemologists Seek Blue Sapphire and Lapis Lazuli in Mogok, Myanmar
Join GIA gemologists as they seek the blue treasures of Mogok.
GIA Field Gemology Team Explores Sapphire Mines at Ilakaka, Madagascar
Tour one of the world’s most active sapphire mining areas—the island of Madagascar—with GIA’s field gemologist Vincent Pardieu.
Romancing the Source: Sri Lanka
Accompany GIA field gemologists on a true gemstone mining adventure in Sri Lanka, “The Island of Jewels.” You’ll observe traditional gemstone mining techniques that are still in use today. Sri Lanka is a mining, cutting, and trading powerhouse.
Mozambique: A Ruby Discovery for the 21st Century
Join GIA on location at the Montepuez ruby mine in Mozambique, the most important ruby discovery of this new century.
Sri Lanka: From Mine to Market, Part 1
Join GIA field gemologists and witness firsthand the entire value chain of the Sri Lankan colored gemstone and jewelry industry, from digging for sapphire in the mud to the glamour of finished jewelry on a fashion model.
Sri Lanka: From Mine to Market, Part 2
The series continues with a revealing look at Sri Lanka’s jewelry manufacturing and retail sectors, as well as visits to five major gem mining and trading centers.









